An accelerated algorithm for density estimation in large databases using Gaussian mixtures. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01969720601138928

Abstract

Today, with the advances of computer storage and technology, there are huge datasets available, offering an opportunity to extract valuable information. Probabilistic approaches are specially suited to learn from data by representing knowledge as density functions. In this paper, we choose Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs) to represent densities, as they possess great flexibility to adequate to a wide class of problems. The classical estimation approach for GMMs corresponds to the iterative algorithm of Expectation Maximization. This approach, however, does not scale properly to meet the high demanding processing requirements of large databases. In this paper we introduce an EM-based algorithm, that solves the scalability problem. Our approach is based on the concept of data condensation which, in addition to substantially diminishing the computational load, provides sound starting values that allow the algorithm to reach convergence faster. We also focus on the model selection problem. We test our algorithm using synthetic and real databases, and find several advantages, when compared to other standard existing procedures.